In-orbit Performance of UVIT and First Results     

S. N. Tandon  J. B. Hutchings  S. K. Ghosh  A. Subramaniam  G. Koshy  V. Girish  P. U. Kamath  S. Kathiravan  A. Kumar  J. P. Lancelot  P. K. Mahesh  R. Mohan  J. Murthy  S. Nagabhushana  A. K. Pati  J. Postma  N. Kameswara Rao  K. Sankarasubramanian  P. Sreekumar  S. Sriram  C. S. Stalin  F. Sutaria  Y. H. Sreedhar  I. V. Barve  C. Mondal  S. Sahu 《Journal of Astrophysics and Astronomy》2017,38(2):28

The performance of the ultraviolet telescope (UVIT) on-board AstroSat is reported. The performance in orbit is also compared with estimates made from the calibrations done on the ground. The sensitivity is found to be within \(\sim \)15% of the estimates, and the spatial resolution in the NUV is found to exceed significantly the design value of \(1.8^{\prime \prime }\) and it is marginally better in the FUV. Images obtained from UVIT are presented to illustrate the details revealed by the high spatial resolution. The potential of multi-band observations in the ultraviolet with high spatial resolution is illustrated by some results.  相似文献   

Can an annual flood induce changes in channel geomorphology?     

Islam  Aznarul  Sarkar  Biplab  Saha  Ujwal Deep  Islam  Mainul  Ghosh  Susmita 《Natural Hazards》2022,111(1):1019-1046

The present study has been a pioneering effort examining the role of an annual flood as a potent stimulus inducing changes in channel geomorphology of the Mayurakshi River, India. Twenty cross sections have been considered for the measurement of various hydro-geomorphic attributes of the river in both the pre- and post-flood conditions in 2018. The study sensed an escalating trend for channel width, width/depth ratio, and wetted perimeter while the reverse was also detected for average depth, maximum depth, cross-sectional area, and hydraulic radius. For example, the width/depth ratio recorded an increase of?~?11%, and the hydraulic radius depicted a decrease of?~?8%. Furthermore, channel asymmetry, bed asymmetry and bed relief index experienced a decrease after the flood. The sudden hydraulic impulse during monsoon flood as manifested in velocity, discharge, specific stream power, Reynolds number, Froude number increases the erosivity of the fluid. Besides the hydraulic factors, bank material (massive sandbank susceptible to hydraulic action and mixed bank constituted by alternate bands of sand and silt, and vulnerable to failure by piping action) brings substantial changes in channel morphology. Moreover, anthropogenic interventions such as sand mining are found to play a significant role in channel behaviour. The role of the multiple factors driving the morphological changes of the cross sections has been unpacked using canonical component analysis.

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SARAL/AltiKa Waveform Analysis to Monitor Inland Water Levels: A Case Study of Maithon Reservoir,Jharkhand, India     

Surajit Ghosh  Praveen Kumar Thakur  Vaibhav Garg  Subrata Nandy  Shivprasad Aggarwal 《Marine Geodesy》2015,38(3):597-613

In the present study, behavior of the SARAL/AltiKa (Satellite with ARgos and ALtiKa) waveforms over Maithon Reservoir (～65 km² of surface area), Jharkhand, India, has been studied. The estimated water level has been compared with the in situ measurements at hydro-gauging station at the dam site. The problem of minimization of errors in the water level retrieval from AltiKa measurements has been resolved by improvement of the retracking method. A real retracking gate detection algorithm based on statistical analysis harnessing various physical parameters of the waveform has been developed, which has been applied to SARAL/AltiKa waveforms over the Maithon reservoir. Comparing the in-situ measurements with altimetry data (from cycle 1, 19 March 2013 to cycle 12, 8 April 2014) showed that it is crucial to improve the retracking method. Results showed accuracy of water level monitoring increased by nearly 76% by the newly developed waveform retracking algorithm over non-retracked water level. We also compared this new method with the existing ice-1 algorithm and found that with the new method there is improvement of ～27% over ice-1 retracked water level. The correlation coefficient values and root mean square values without retracking, with ice-1 algorithm and with newly developed retracking algorithm were 0.87, 0.91, and 0.95, and 8.12 cm, 2.08 cm, and 1.42 cm, respectively. This shows the proposed retracker performed better than ice-1. The retracking procedure helped in outliers' identification and substitution and with waveform fitting and waveform parameter extraction. This algorithm should have good performance capability for retrieving water level over inland water bodies like Maithon reservoir.  相似文献   

Effect of Geotextile Ties on Uplift Capacity of Anchors Embedded in Sand   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Amalendu Ghosh  Ashis Kumar Bera 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2010,28(5):567-577

This paper presents the results of experimental investigation on the effect of geotextile ties on uplift capacity of anchors embedded in sand. Uplift capacity of anchor increases with increase in embedment depth to base diameter (H/D) ratio irrespective of type of anchor. With the introduction of tie to anchors, uplift capacity of anchors increases and optimum number of layers of ties is found to be 2. A non linear power model has been developed to predict the uplift capacity at any settlement (Q _R) of anchors with tie in terms of uplift capacity at any settlement (Q _URs) of anchor without tie, H/D ratio, number of layers of tie and displacement to base diameter ratio (Δ/D). The model is applicable for predicting Q _R having the values of Q _RS, H/D, N and Δ/D in the range of 0.257 ≤ Q _URs ≤ 1.420, 1.5 ≤ H/D ≤ 3.0, 1 ≤ N ≤ 4, 0.8 ≤ Δ/D ≤ 8.  相似文献   

A paradoxical situation in determining relative competence from wavelength/arclength ratios within buckle folded multilayers     

S. K. Ghosh  Sudipta Sengupta 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2010,75(1):13-17

By measuring the ratio of wavelength to arclength of folds in closely associated disharmonically folded competent layers, it is possible to determine which layer has undergone a greater layer-parallel strain and has a smaller competence. This method may lead to a paradoxical situation. For example when foliated quartzite and mica schist layers are folded together, the mica schist laminae show a much larger buckle shortening than the quartzite layers. On the other hand, the geometry of folds in quartzite indicates that quartzite was more competent than the mica schist. The structure can be explained by different modes of buckling, general buckling in quartzite layers and internal buckling in strongly anisotropic mica schists.  相似文献   

Comparative Analysis of Phytoplankton Composition and Abundance over a Two-Decade Period at the Land–Ocean Boundary of a Tropical Mangrove Ecosystem     

Haimanti Biswas  Mitali Dey  Dipnarayan Ganguly  Tarun K. De  Sandip Ghosh  Tapan K. Jana 《Estuaries and Coasts》2010,33(2):384-394

Inter-annual variations of phytoplankton abundance and community organization were observed over a two-decade period along with the ancillary parameters at the land–ocean boundary associated with the Sundarban mangrove forest (21°32′ and 22°40′ N and 88°05′ and 89° E), along the NE Coast of the Bay of Bengal. The number of definable Bacillariophyceae species exceeded Dinophyceae taxa, and the total number of bloom-forming species declined from a maximum of ten in 2000 and a minimum of two in 2007. Blooms of the diatom Coscinodiscus radiatus were common in 2000 and 2007. Tide cycles and the onset of the monsoon season played important roles in diurnal and seasonal variability of phytoplankton. Phytoplankton biovolume showed seasonality, with the highest levels during post-monsoon periods and lowest levels during the monsoon period. Phytoplankton abundance was correlated to rainfall patterns, which may be altered by long-term changes in climate.  相似文献   

Interference effect of two nearby strip footings on layered soil: theory of elasticity approach     

Priyanka Ghosh  Anirudh Sharma 《Acta Geotechnica》2010,5(3):189-198

In recent times, rapid urbanisation coupled with scarcity of land forces several structures to come up ever closer to each other, which may sometime cause severe damage to the structures from both strength and serviceability point of view, and therefore, a need is felt to devise simplified methods to capture the effect of footing interference. In the present study, an attempt has been made to model the settlement behaviour of two strip footings placed in close spacing on layered soil deposit consisting of a strong top layer underlying a weak bottom layer. Theory of elasticity is employed to derive the governing differential equations and subsequently solved by the finite difference method. The perfectly rough strip footings are considered to be resting on the surface of two-layer soil system, and the soil is assumed to behave as linear elastic material under a range of static foundation load. The effect of various parameters such as the elastic moduli and thickness of two layers, clear spacing between the footings and footing load on the settlement behaviour of closely spaced footings has been determined. The variation of vertical normal stress at the interface of two different soil layers as well as at the base of the failure domain also forms an important part of this study. The results are presented in terms of settlement ratio (ξ_δ), and their variation is obtained with the change in clear spacing between two footings. The present theoretical investigation indicates that the settlement of closely spaced footings is found to be higher than that of single isolated footing, which further reduces with increase in the spacing between the footings.  相似文献   

On reflection and diffraction of pressure waves from floating ice     

M. L. Ghosh 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1973,111(1):2163-2176

Summary The diffraction of a pressure wave arising from the edge of the floating ice due to an incident wave of the formH[t–(xcos/)+ (ysin/)], whereH(t) is the Heaviside step function, has been studied. The ice sheet has been taken to be moving with a velocity much less than the velocity of sound in the liquid. The problem has been solved using an approximate method of solving Wiener Hopf problems. Finally, the pressure field at a large distance from the edge has been derived in a closed form evaluating the integrals by the saddle point method.  相似文献   

A new method for estimating rate constants for trace gas reactions within stratospheric sulphuric acid aerosol droplets     

S. Ghosh 《Journal of Earth System Science》1993,102(1):265-270

Uptake of trace gases by (stratospheric aerosol can be significant particularly after large injections of volcanic sulphur. A theoretical scheme is presented to quantify the rate at which trace gases diffuse into these aerosol droplets. Rate constants for 19 trace gases are calculated and it is found that the rates vary from a value of 2.85 × 10^-7s^-1 for CC14 to 8.08 × 10^-7s^-1 for NO. The calculations are characterised by their ease of application and can be incorporated into stratospheric chemical models.  相似文献   

Trace element geochemistry and genesis of the copper ore deposits of the Singhbhum shear zone,Eastern India     

A. K. Ghosh 《Mineralium Deposita》1972,7(3):292-313

The genesis of the copper ore deposits of the Singhbhum shear zone, India, has been worked out through a detailed geochemical examination of the ores and the country rocks. Following different techniques of atomic absorption, the abundances of Cu, Co, Ni, Pb, Zn, Cd, Ag, Mn and Hg were determined and the trace element characteristics of the principal rock units in and outside the shear zone have been compiled and critically evaluated. The data suggest that the ore deposits are the result of a sequence of long-continued and over-lapping geological processes culminating in intense shearing, syntectonic granitization and considerable mobilization of the ore elements. The Precambrian metasedimentary and metavolcanic rocks of the shear zone, as well as those enclosing it, served as the source, while diffusion of the ore constituents and their precipitation in physicochemically favourable structural traps, formed in response to shearing, resulted in the formation of the deposits.

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Zusammenfassung Als Beitrag zur Klärung der Genese der Kupferlagerstätten in der Singhbhum Shear Zone, Indien, wurden geochemische Untersuchungen an Erzen und Nebengestein durchgeführt. Spurengehalte von Cu, Co, Ni, Pb, Zn, Cd, Ag, Mn, Hg wurden mit Hilfe der AAS bestimmt, ihre Verteilung innerhalb der Zone und der angrenzenden Gesteinstypen wird diskutiert. Auf Grund der vorliegenden geochemischen Daten wird folgende Deutung zur Entstehung der Erzlagerstätten gegeben: Die Bildung der Singhbhum-Erzvorkommen ist das Ergebnis einer Folge langandauernder und sich überschneidender geologischer Prozesse, wie intensiver Scherung, syntektonischer Granitisation und damit verbundener Mobilisierung der oben genannten Elemente. Die präkambrischen Metasedimente und Metavulkanite innerhalb der Scherzone und ihrer näheren Umgebung sind als Muttergesteine der erzbildenden Elemente anzusehen. Die Bildung der Lagerstätte ist das Resultat der Diffusion von Lösungen und ihres Absatzes in physikalisch-chemisch günstigen Struktur-Fallen, gebildet im Anschluß an die Scherung.

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